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In order to address climate change, more and more countries around the world, including China and Germany, have proposed carbon neutrality goals and have made reduction commitments to the international community. my country proposed to achieve carbonization peak before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality in 2060. Germany has revised its climate targets in previous years, advanced the previous 2050 climate neutrality target to 2045, and has made corresponding changes to its phased goals, including reducing Germany’s temperature gas emissions by 65% by 1990 by 2030, reducing 88% by 2040, achieving temperature gas emissions by 2045, and realizing negative emissions by 2050.
(Source: WeChat public number “China Power Enterprise Governance” Author: Yin Yuxia)
Germany has explored many different technical paths in reducing the temperature gas. According to statistics, Germany has reduced the temperature gas emissions of 227 billion tons in 2020 by developing renewable power, while Germany’s total temperature gas emissions in 2020 were 739 billion tons. This is a top priority for the real climate target path for developing renewable power. This is also the reason why Germany has immediately adjusted its renewable dynamic development goals after it has improved its thermal gas reduction commitment. In 2030, the proportion of renewable power in Germany has increased from 46% to 80%, and the proportion of renewable power in one go has increased from 20% to 30%. This article focuses on the Internet and analyzes it only from the technical path of renewable power.
How Germany guarantees a high proportion
Safe supply of renewable power systems
Add investment and expand power network
In 2019, Germany used power network investment in power network The capital is as high as 10.6 billion euros, of which about 7.5 billion euros are used for power distribution system construction and 3.1 billion euros are used for power transmission construction. This investment allocation is in line with Germany’s distributed power system, because most of the renewable power is evacuated and connected to the distribution network, Germany has the highest demand for the expansion and upgrading reform of the distribution network, and the corresponding investment is more concentrated on the distribution system construction. The four legislative structures have become the basis for the coordination, acceleration and transparency of German Internet expansion, namely the “EnWG” Law on Accelerating the Internet Development Law (NABEG), the “Federal Demand Planning Law (BBPlG) and the “EnLAG”.
Power system service: To ensure the German power supply system to protect the German power system
When talking about the higher safety and economic nature of German power systems, it is impossible to underestimate the German power system service. Power system services are a one-subject engineering adopted by the Internet to meet renewable power fluctuations and supply and demand disparity.In 2019, the annual system service of German transport system operators was RMB 1.82 billion. Among this money, the proportion of power balanced services is declining year by year. This does not mean that services have decreased, but the capital has decreased. On the one hand, this is greatly improved due to the coordination between German transport distribution network companies; on the other hand, the daily purchase volume of German power market is getting bigger and bigger. href=”https://philippines-sugar.net/”>Sugar daddy, the number of short-term power contracts is increasing, which has reduced the cost of balanced power supply and demand.
At the same time, the cost of Internet preparation and wind-discard service has shown a trend of growth in recent years, which is important because the German Internet planning and expansion trend cannot match the rapid development of renewable power. The entire process of planning, legislation, review and construction of German Internet is longer, and after the destruction, it develops in renewable power, which is caused by the situation of wind, light loss and cost increase. The proportion of German abandoned wind and abandoned light in system service costs is large. The actual abandoned wind and abandoned light rate is not very high, about 1% to 3%; but the absolute value of abandoned wind and abandoned light has always been high in recent years.
Security power market design that guarantees power safety
Security power market design that guarantees power safety without breaking through Europe’s divergence. Today, the important thing in Europe is the capacity market and a single energy market. Germany adopts a single energy market, without a capacity market, to eliminate the ability to supply fossil power to “replenish back door”. In order to improve their flexibility and effectiveness, countries in central and northern Europe have opened up dynamic markets and have chosen to rely on a single capacity market. However, as the proportion of renewable power is getting higher and higher, it is difficult to achieve perfect match between supply and demand only through a single energy market. Therefore, these countries (Germany, Sweden, Poland) are developing a single energy market, and have also introduced strategic reserve capacity.
Interconnection with European Internet and cross-border purchase and sale
In addition to the national Internet guarantee laws, Germany relies heavily on European Internet. Such as the German-Norway submarine high-voltage DC system, the marine wind and field developed by Denmark<a href="https://philipThis has a certain effect on the safety and economic stability of Germany's power supply. Germany's cross-border power purchases reduced the remaining peak demand of about 10 GW in 2015, and is expected to reduce 20 GW in 2025. escort. In Germany, the residual peak demand is a special concept, not to reduce the capacity that all the equipment can now supply, but to reduce the need to be met by traditional fossil power after regenerative power. The setting of this particular concept is closely related to Germany’s denuclear and coal reduction, with the goal of reducing its dependence on traditional fossil fuel plants.
Electric Internet Equilibrium Base Group
The Internet Equilibrium Base Group, also known as the equilibrium of power supply and demand, plays a major role in the safe operation of German Internet. They are distributed in the four major power network areas in Germany, with a total of more than 2,700 equilibrium base groups. The reason why German Internet or the power market can achieve self-equilibrium is the most important basis or perhaps the most important basic element is the equilibrium base group. Sugar babyThe first equilibrium base group is to realize supply and demand balance within its own base group. If it cannot be realized, then it is at the Sugar at the location of the equilibrium base group. daddyEquilibrium marriage is carried out within the control area of the Internet; if the control area is not ineffective, the next step is cross-regional equilibrium; if the cross-regional equilibrium within the country cannot be ineffective, then to the European Internet, that is, International Internet control and cooperation between the Organization (IGCC) members The German power balanced base group has penetrated into the power market in Germany. The cooperation between balanced base group and transport system operators is the key to balanced power supply and demand, and is also the main reason for the development of driving virtual power plants.
Development of German virtual power plants<a The flexibility of the power system is to help Germany achieve safe and stable operation of high proportion renewable power power systems and help achieve carbon neutrality. Virtual power plants (VPPs) become the main force system by aggregating and concentrating distributed power by concentrating distributed power. escortSolution plan for the resolution of the sport activity. The distributed power supply involved in virtual power plants is important to connect to the distribution network or terminal.Small and medium-sized resources around the customer cover distributed power generation units, demand side resources and energy storage. Although the single small and medium-sized power resources have flexible potential, they cannot be directly supplied to the system due to their small scale, evacuated distribution, and excessive power waves. Through aggregators, virtual power plants bundle independent distributed power resources into power generation assets as a single resource, and adjust their power needs for power generation, energy storage, etc. through central information technology system monitoring, forecasting and optimization, so that distributed resource energy can participate in the power market and supply active power to system operators.
Germany’s research and development results of the German ArmySugar babyPerta Research Institute’s research and development results on the form of virtual power manufacturers’ business operations. Germany’s dynamic aggregate market and flexible market size are 75 GW, and this number is expected to double by 2030. In Germany, virtual power plants have fully realized commercialization. Since the Renewable Power Method has introduced requests for direct sales of renewable power generation, an important business of German TC:
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